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The Ledger / Bill Gates

Bill Gates

$114.8B (as of 2026-09-10)TechnologyForbes #13United States

◼ Origin

William Henry Gates III co-founded Microsoft in 1975 with Paul Allen, writing the BASIC interpreter for the Altair 8800 at age 19. He became CEO in 1978 and built Microsoft into the dominant force in personal computing through the Windows/Office monopoly. Gates accumulated his fortune through the antitrust period — during which federal courts found Microsoft violated the Sherman Antitrust Act — before stepping down as CEO in January 2000, two months after the first devastating ruling against him. He remained Chairman until 2014 and resigned from the board in March 2020 during a board investigation into an affair with an employee. Through Cascade Investment LLC, Gates manages $115B+ in personal assets, including his position as the largest private farmland owner in the United States. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation holds $67B and is the second-largest funder of the World Health Organization globally, using exclusively earmarked grants that grant the Foundation disproportionate influence over global health policy.

◼ Inheritance

Inherited: $0Share of wealth: 0%Forbes self-made score: 8/10

Gates was born into an upper-middle-class Seattle family — his father was a prominent attorney, his mother a corporate board member. He had access to a computer terminal in 1968 as a Lakeside School student — rare for the era and a resource advantage. No significant inherited capital. Forbes self-made score 8/10. Microsoft was built from scratch beginning with the BASIC interpreter for the Altair 8800 (1975). The antitrust conduct, offshore tax avoidance, and Epstein relationship are the substantive charges; wealth origin is not.

◼ Self-Made Verdict — YES

Federal courts found Microsoft violated the Sherman Antitrust Act — a finding upheld on appeal in 2001. Gates personally engineered the legal strategy and testified in depositions characterized as evasive. He maintained a documented social relationship with convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein from 2011 through roughly 2014, three years post-conviction, contributing to the end of his marriage. His Foundation pressured Oxford University to abandon an open-license COVID vaccine pledge and lobbied against the TRIPS patent waiver supported by 100+ countries, while sub-Saharan Africa vaccination rates stayed below 10% through 2021. The Gates Foundation uses earmarked grants to exercise agenda control over the WHO, while simultaneously investing in companies whose practices directly counter its stated mission. He holds farmland consolidation at scale — 275,000 acres through opaque LLC structures — and resigned from the Microsoft board amid a board investigation into a workplace affair. The public record on multiple fronts meets the threshold.

◼ Documented marks

01

2020: Gates Foundation urged Oxford University to abandon its open-license COVID vaccine pledge. In April 2020, Oxford had publicly promised to donate the rights to its COVID-19 vaccine to any manufacturer. After the Gates Foundation pushed for a commercial partner, Oxford signed an exclusive deal with AstraZeneca — giving the pharmaceutical giant sole rights, with no price guarantee. Oxford's Jenner Institute director Adrian Hill had stated: 'I personally don't believe that in a time of pandemic there should be exclusive licenses.' Oxford could eventually make millions after the pandemic period through a web of patents. Source: KFF Health News (2020).

02

2021: Gates lobbied the Biden administration against the TRIPS patent waiver backed by 100+ countries. Gates met with U.S. Trade Representative Katherine Tai to argue for protecting vaccine patents. James Love, director of Knowledge Ecology International: 'Bill Gates asked everyone to block the TRIPS waiver and trust a handful of companies hoarding IP and know-how.' Gates publicly stated in January 2021: 'At this point, changing the rules wouldn't make any additional vaccines available.' Sub-Saharan Africa vaccination rate was below 10% by end of 2021. The White House reversed its position and backed the waiver in May 2021; the Gates Foundation then went quiet on the issue. Source: New Republic (2021); Common Dreams (2021).

03

2026: Gates testified before the House Oversight Committee in a transcribed interview as part of Congress's investigation into Jeffrey Epstein. Gates stated he 'should never have met with' Epstein and that he was 'foolish to spend time with him.' Gates' team stated: 'The only thing these documents demonstrate is Epstein's frustration that he did not have an ongoing relationship with Gates and the lengths he would go to entrap and defame.' Gates had met Epstein at least 5 times from 2011 through roughly 2014 — beginning three years after Epstein's 2008 conviction for sex offenses involving a minor. Source: Time, June 2026.

04

1994–2001: Microsoft antitrust. DOJ and 20 state attorneys general sued Microsoft for monopolization of the PC operating system and browser markets. Judge Thomas Penfield Jackson ruled in 2000 that Microsoft had violated the Sherman Antitrust Act — a finding upheld on appeal. Gates testified in depositions characterized by federal judges as evasive. The remedy (breakup) was reversed on appeal; Microsoft settled in 2001 with behavioral restrictions.

DOJ: US v. Microsoft Antitrust, 2001

05

2019–2021: Revelations about Gates's relationship with Jeffrey Epstein. Gates met with Epstein at least six times after Epstein's 2008 sex offender conviction — including multiple visits to Epstein's Manhattan townhouse and at least one trip on Epstein's private jet. Gates Foundation staff were reportedly pressured to maintain ties. The relationship ended Gates's marriage to Melinda French Gates, who cited the Epstein relationship as a contributing factor.

WSJ: Gates and Epstein, 2021

06

2000–2020: Microsoft paid $0 in US federal corporate income tax in multiple years using offshore IP holding structures in Ireland and Puerto Rico. Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations (2012) documented Microsoft shifted $21B in profits offshore over three years through internal royalty arrangements, avoiding approximately $4.5B in taxes. IRS disputed ~$29B in additional taxes (2023 case still pending).

Senate PSI: Microsoft Offshore Tax Avoidance, 2012

07

2008–2023: Gates Foundation investments directly contradicted its health and poverty mission. An AP/LA Times investigation (2007) found the Foundation invested hundreds of millions in companies producing pollution and health harms in communities where it simultaneously ran health programs — including oil companies operating in Nigeria's Niger Delta where it ran malaria programs. The Foundation reaffirmed its investment policy after the investigation.

LA Times: Gates Foundation Investment Conflicts, 2007

08

2021: Melinda French Gates cited Bill's relationship with Jeffrey Epstein as a reason she retained divorce lawyers in 2019. Internal Microsoft investigations found Bill Gates pursued a romantic relationship with a Microsoft employee who complained about it — a finding the Microsoft board was investigating when Gates resigned from the board in 2020.

WSJ: Gates Microsoft Board Resignation Probe, 2021

◼ List of charges

01

Illegal Market Monopolization

10 – 20 years

Statute: Building and maintaining a dominant market position through anticompetitive conduct — including tying, predatory pricing, exclusive dealing, or suppression of competitors — as found by a court or regulatory authority. Distinguished from competitive success by the deliberate destruction of viable competitors rather than merit-based market share.

Basis: DOJ and 20 state attorneys general sued Microsoft May 18, 1998 for monopolizing PC operating system and browser markets. Judge Thomas Penfield Jackson ruled April 3, 2000 that Microsoft violated Sections 1 and 2 of the Sherman Antitrust Act. Gates testified in depositions characterized by BusinessWeek as offering obfuscatory answers and saying 'I don't recall' so many times that even the presiding judge had to chuckle — labeled 'evasive and nonresponsive.' Gates stepped down as CEO January 2000, two months after the initial ruling. D.C. Circuit upheld the Sherman Act violation finding on appeal (253 F.3d 34, 2001). DOJ settlement November 2001: behavioral restrictions, no breakup.

No jurors have rendered guilty yet

02

Material Enabling of a Documented Predator

10 – 25 years

Statute: Provision of financial, legal, or institutional infrastructure — including power of attorney, real estate transfer, employment access, or social access — to a person engaged in documented serious criminal conduct, where the enabler had reasonable knowledge of the conduct.

Basis: Gates met convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein at least 5 times from January 2011 through ~2014 — three years after Epstein's 2008 sex offender conviction — including multiple visits to Epstein's Manhattan townhouse and one flight on Epstein's private jet (New Jersey to Florida; no island visits documented per flight records). Melinda French Gates contacted divorce lawyers in October 2019 after NYT coverage of the relationship, citing it as a factor in ending the marriage. She had warned Gates about the association in 2013; he maintained contact for at least another year. Gates testified before the House Oversight Committee in June 2026, stating he 'should never have met with' Epstein and that he was 'foolish to spend time with him.'

1 juror renders guilty

03

×2 counts

Obstruction of Global Public Health Access

15 – life per count = 30–156 years

Statute: Using institutional or financial leverage to block, delay, or undermine access to life-saving medical interventions — including vaccines, treatments, or diagnostics — for populations in low- and middle-income countries, where such obstruction foreseeably causes preventable mass casualties.

Basis: (1) Gates Foundation urged Oxford University to abandon its April 2020 open-license COVID vaccine pledge and partner exclusively with AstraZeneca. The resulting exclusive deal gave AstraZeneca sole rights with no price guarantee. Oxford Jenner Institute director Adrian Hill: 'I personally do not believe that in a time of pandemic there should be exclusive licenses.' Source: KFF Health News, 2020. (2) Gates personally lobbied USTR Katherine Tai against the TRIPS patent waiver backed by 100+ countries. James Love (Knowledge Ecology International): 'Bill Gates asked everyone to block the TRIPS waiver and trust a handful of companies hoarding IP and know-how.' Gates stated January 2021: 'At this point, changing the rules would not make any additional vaccines available.' Sub-Saharan Africa vaccination rate was below 10% by end of 2021. The White House backed the waiver over Gates Foundation opposition in May 2021; the Foundation then went quiet on the issue.

1 juror renders guilty

04

×2 counts

Philanthropic Capture of Public Institutions

10 – 25 years per count = 20–50 years

Statute: Using charitable foundation infrastructure — earmarked donations, grant dependency, media funding — to acquire agenda-setting power over international public health bodies, journalism, and policy organizations, while generating personal tax benefits and avoiding democratic accountability for the resulting policy outcomes.

Basis: (1) Gates Foundation made 640 earmarked grants worth $5.5B to the WHO between 2000 and 2024 — all 640 earmarked for specific purposes, giving the Foundation agenda control over the UN health agency. $2.9B (53%) went to vaccine-related programs. WHO malaria chief Dr. Arata Kochi warned in a 2007 internal memo that the Foundation's drive to have its favored research guide WHO recommendations 'could have implicitly dangerous consequences on the policy-making process in world health' and called its decision-making 'accountable to none other than itself.' Source: PMC study 2025. (2) LA Times investigation (January 2007, Piller/Sanders/Dixon): $8.7B — 41% of Gates Foundation assets — invested in companies whose practices counter the Foundation's charitable goals, including pharma firms whose drug pricing blocked access to antiretrovirals for AIDS patients in developing countries. The Foundation maintained a firewall between grant-making and investment staff. The Foundation reaffirmed its investment policy after the investigation.

No jurors have rendered guilty yet

05

Agricultural Land Monopolization

10 – 20 years

Statute: Systematic acquisition of agricultural land at a scale that concentrates control over domestic food production in a single private entity, exceeding 100,000 acres, typically through opaque LLC structures that obscure beneficial ownership from the public and affected farming communities.

Basis: Bill Gates is the largest private owner of U.S. farmland with approximately 275,000 acres across nearly 20 states, held through Cascade Investment LLC and its subsidiary Cottonwood Ag Management. Major holdings: Louisiana (69,000+ acres), Arkansas (47,000 acres), Arizona (25,000 acres). Assembled in part via $690M+ acquisition from Canada Pension Plan Investment Board. Holdings made through a wide network of LLCs that obscured beneficial ownership during accumulation. Gates ranks 44th among all US landowners but first specifically for farmland. His 2021 Reddit AMA response: 'I own less than 1/4000 of the farmland in the US. I have invested in these farms to make them more productive and create more jobs.'

No jurors have rendered guilty yet

Total sentence

80–271 years

That is

1.0–3.5 life sentences

(using 78 years as one life)

At $1 million per day

Bill Gates's fortune would last 314 years

4.0 lifetimes of luxury — before running out.

These are moral charges, not legal ones. The actual legal system has not — and will not — bring them.

◼ Primary accounts

"This is not something I'm proud of. It was a personal meeting about philanthropy. I didn't agree with the way he conducted himself and made that clear."

— Bill Gates, Billionaire, statement about Jeffrey Epstein meetings · 2021 · source

"Microsoft enjoys an insurmountable advantage in the market for personal computer operating systems. That advantage is attributable not to the merit of its products, but to the immense barrier to entry that its installed base creates."

— Judge Thomas Penfield Jackson, US District Court, Findings of Fact in US v. Microsoft · 1999 · source

"Microsoft used its monopoly power to set onerous terms and conditions on software developers, PC manufacturers, and other customers, preventing them from using or promoting software that might threaten Windows."

— Department of Justice Antitrust Division, DOJ summary brief, US v. Microsoft · 2001 · source